Evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Curiosidad Epistémica de Litman en hispanohablantes

La Curiosidad Epistémica (CE) es el deseo que motiva a las personas a adquirir nuevo conocimiento. La escala de CE de Litman fue desarrollada para operacionalizar este constructo, y aunque su estructura latente ha sido validada en varios estudios, estos se han realizado en su mayoría en Alemania, EE. UU. y los Países Bajos, que son sociedades educadas, industrializadas, ricas y democráticas. Por consiguiente, el presente estudio evaluó las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de CE, en una muestra de adultos del noroeste de México (N = 334) con edades de 18 a 50 años. Al igual que en investigaciones previas, se compararon dos modelos: unidimensional y bidimensional, mediante análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Adicionalmente, se incluyeron los residuales correlacionados significativos, como parte de ambos modelos, y se examinó si el instrumento tiene invarianza de medición. Los resultados muestran que el modelo bifactorial presentó el mejor ajuste. La consistencia interna fue aceptable, y se comprobó que la escala posee invarianza configural, métrica, escalar y estricta. Usos potenciales de este constructo emergente incluyen su estudio como un factor motivacional relevante, en el nivel de involucramiento y las estrategias de formación de los estudiantes, así como su papel mediador en varios tipos de ansiedad en el aprendizaje.

Epistemic Curiosity (EC) is the desire that motivates people to acquire new knowledge. Litman's EC scale was developed to operationalize this construct, and although its latent structure has been validated in several studies, these have been conducted mostly in Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States, which are educated, industrialized, wealthy, and democratic societies. Therefore, the present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the EC scale in a sample of adults from northwestern Mexico (N = 334) aged 18 to 50 years. As in previous research, two models were compared: one unidimensional and one bidimensional, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Additionally, significantly correlated residuals were included as part of both models, and it was examined whether the instrument has measurement invariance. The results show that the bifactor model presented the best fit. The internal consistency was acceptable, and the scale was found to have configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance. Potential uses of this emerging construct include its study as a relevant motivational factor in students' level of engagement and study strategies, as well as its mediating role in various types of learning anxiety.

Análisis de las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos

Introducción/objetivo: Las competencias socioemocionales median la gestión emocional y el ajuste social, son relevantes para el aprendizaje, el desempeño profesional, la salud mental y el bienestar entre otras. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Competencias Socioemocionales SEC-Q en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Método: Los participantes fueron 699 estudiantes universitarios, 493 mujeres y 206 varones. La estructura interna se analizó mediante validación cruzada, aplicando análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. La validez convergente y discriminante fue evaluada mediante correlaciones de Pearson entre las subescalas del SEC-Q con: la Escala Autoeficacia Percibida Especifica de Situaciones Académicas, Satisfacción con la vida e Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Resultados: El cuestionario evidencia adecuadas propiedades psicométricas y los cuatro componentes del instrumento original: autoconciencia, autogestión, conciencia social y toma de decisiones; se presentan de acuerdo con lo esperado, una relación directa con autoeficacia y satisfacción con la vida, e inversa con el estrés. La conciencia social presentó diferencias según el género, siendo mayor en mujeres que en hombres. Conclusión: El SEC-Q es un instrumento confiable y válido para utilizar con estudiantes universitarios chilenos.

Introduction/objective: Socio-emotional competencies are skills that mediate between emotional management and social adjustment. These skills are relevant for: learning, professional performance, mental health, and well-being. The objective is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Social and emotional Competencies Questionnaire SEC-Q in Chilean university students. Method: The sample included 699 university students, 493 women and 206 men. The internal structure was analyzed through cross validation, an exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis. Convergent and discriminant validity were determined using the Pearson correlation coefficient between the subscales of the SEC-Q with the Scale of Perceived Self-Efficacy Specific to Academic Situations, Life Satisfaction and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: adequate psychometric properties in the questionnaire, observing the four components proposed by the structure of the original instrument - self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and decision-making. These competencies showed, as expected, a positive relationship with self-efficacy and life satisfaction, and an inverse relationship with stress. Also, social awareness presented differences according to gender, being higher in women than in men. Conclusion: The SEC-Q is a reliable and valid instrument for the evaluation of Chilean university students.

DERSR-B. A Brief Scale for Detection of Emotional Dysregulation Risk / DERSR-B. Una Escala Breve para la Detección del Riesgo de Desregulación Emocional

Abstract Emotional dysregulation (ED) is related to problems in understanding, perceiving, and regulating emotions. The aim is to find the psychometric properties of an instrument that measures ED and classifies the high/low ED group membership with the least possible error. For statistical purposes (factor analysis), two independent samples of males and females (n1 = 476) and (n2 = 562) were obtained, with ages sample 1 (15 -19 years; M= 15.8; SD=0.71) and sample 2 (15-19 years; M=15.6; SD= 0.69). Three factors were formed by sex, males with 14 items and females with 13 items, each loading on a single factor (total α=0.71 - 0.78 ɷ =0.67- 0.79 females; α= 0.70 - 0.79 ɷ=0.73 - 0.75 males) and good fit indices. In sum, a validated cut version instrument (DERSR-B), a risk screening instrument, was obtained.

Resumen La desregulación emocional (DE) se relaciona con problemas para comprender, percibir y regular las emociones. Determinar las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento que mide DE y que clasifica con el menor error posible la pertenencia de grupo alto/bajo de DE se propuso como el objetivo de este estudio. Para propósitos estadísticos (análisis factoriales) se obtuvieron dos muestras independientes de hombres y mujeres (n1 = 476) y (n2 = 562) respectivamente, con edades para muestra 1 (15-19 años; M= 15.8; DE= 0.71) y muestra 2 (15-19 años; M=15.6; DE= 0.69). Se obtuvieron tres factores por sexo, hombres con 14 ítems y mujeres con 13 ítems cada uno cargando en un solo, un único factor (total α =0.71 - 0.78 ɷ =0.67- 0.79 mujeres; α=0.70 - 0.79 ɷ=0.73-0.75 hombres) y con índices de ajuste aceptables. Se obtuvo un instrumento válido en versión corta de detección rápida de riesgo de Desregulación Emocional (DERSR-B).

Validación del inventario de socialización organizacional en México

Objetivo: Generar una versión válida y confiable en población mexicana del inventario de socialización organizacional de taormina (OSI), validada por Bravo-Sánz (2001). Método: A partir de los puntajes obtenidos en el OSI se realizó en AMOS 23,0 un análisis factorial confirmatorio con máxima verosimilitud con los 20 ítems y factores originales (entrenamiento, apoyo de los compañeros, comprensión y perspectivas de futuro). La muestra se compuso por 489 trabajadores con una media de edad de 36 años. Resultados: Los resultados del AFC mostraron que, aunque el modelo se ajustaba de forma adecuada con los ítems originales, la validez y confiabilidad de constructo solo se obtuvieron al disminuir la cantidad de factores desechando el de comprensión. Se obtuvo un ajuste de modelo CMIN/DF= 2,02, CFI=0,97, AGFI= 0,94, RMSEA 0,046, SRMR 0,038. Conclusiones: Se logró un modelo válido (AVE >0,50) en todos sus factores y confiable (CR>0,74) en todos sus elementos con un total de 11 ítems con sus baremos para población. Esta versión del inventario de socialización puede ser empleada en población mexicana, lo cual incidirá en investigaciones organizacionales, administrativas, psicológicas con diversas temáticas para determinar la adaptación a la cultura organizacional.

Objective: The objective of this research was to generate a valid and reliable version of the taormina organizational socialization inventory (OSI) for the Mexican population, validated by Bravo-Sánz (2001). Method: Based on the scores obtained in the OSI, a confirmatory factor analysis was carried out in AMOS 23,0 with maximum likelihood with the 20 original items and factors (training, peer support, understanding and future perspectives). The sample was made up of 489 workers with a mean age of 36 years. Results: The results of the CFA showed that, although the model adjusted adequately with the original items, the validity and reliability of the construct were only obtained by reducing the number of factors, discarding the comprehension factor. A model fit CMIN/DF= 2,02, CFI=0,97, AGFI= 0,94, RMSEA 0,046, SRMR .038 was obtained. Conclusions: A valid model (AVE >0,50) was achieved in all its factors and a reliable one (CR>0,74) in all its elements with a total of 11 items with their scales for the population. This version of the socialization inventory can be used in the Mexican population, which will affect organizational, administrative, psychological research with various themes to determine adaptation to organizational culture.

Measurement and analysis of the religious and spiritual factors of quality of life of residents of Islamic cities / Medición y análisis de los factores religiosos y espirituales de la calidad de vida de los residentes de las ciudades islámicas

Abstract Happiness and achieving quality of life primarily depends on the nature of the place in which we live. The religious/spiritual factor is considered a basic factor for understanding the quality of life of individuals. The study at hand used the Arabic version of WHOQoL-SRPB to analyze the religious and spiritual factor affecting the quality of life in Islamic holy cities. The scale was applied to 671 residents of Medina with an average age of 51.6 years, of which 527 (78.5 %) are males and 144 (21.5 %) are females, and they are all Muslims. The results showed that all factors have good internal consistency, since the Alpha Cronbach value was .81 at a significant level of p < .001, and its value for the factors ranged between .75-.89, which are high values and significant at p < .001 except for the "Wholeness" factor, which was significant at p < .01. Moreover, the results of the intra-class correlations coefficients (ICC) test showed that all WHOQoL-SRPB factors are acceptable, as their values ranged between (.82-.93), and all of them were significant at p < .001.

Preliminary validity for the Big Five Inventory-2 in brazilian adults / Evidências preliminares de validade do Big Five Inventory-2 em adultos brasileiros / Evidencias preliminares de validez del Big Five Inventory-2 en adultos brasileños

The Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) assesses personality through the big five factor model model (FFM). This study aimed to verify whether the internal structure of the BFI-2 is corroborated in a Brazilian sample. Participants were 908 cisgender adults, aged between 17 and 93 years, 532 of whom were women. Confirmatory factor analysis and Exploratory structural equation modeling were performed with the BFI-2. The 15 facets of personality resulted in adequate fit and reliability, mainly for the respondents under 60 years of age. We conclude that the BFI-2 presents evidence of preliminary validity based on its internal structure, although further validity studies are required with the instrument, to testify its psychometric quality. (AU)

O Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) avalia a personalidade no modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores (CGF). O presente estudo objetivou verificar se a estrutura interna do BFI-2 é corroborada em uma amostra brasileira. Participaram 908 adultos cisgênero, com idades entre 17 e 93 anos, sendo 532 mulheres. Análise fatorial confirmatória e modelagem de equações estruturais exploratórias foram conduzidas no BFI-2. As 15 facetas de personalidade do BFI-2 resultaram em índices de ajuste adequados, principalmente para os respondentes com idade até 60 anos. Conclui-se que o BFI-2 apresenta evidência inicial de validade baseada em sua estrutura interna, apesar de que novos estudos de validade devem ser conduzidos com o instrumento, com o objetivo de atestar sua qualidade psicométrica. (AU)

El Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) evalúa la personalidad según el modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores (CGF). El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar si la estructura interna del BFI-2 se corrobora en una muestra brasileña. Participaron 908 adultos cisgénero, de entre 17 y 93 años, de los cuales 532 eran mujeres. Se realizó un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio y un Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales Exploratorio sobre el BFI-2. Las 15 facetas de personalidad del BFI-2 dieron lugar a índices de ajuste adecuados, especialmente para los encuestados de hasta 60 años. Se concluye que el BFI-2 presenta evidencias iniciales de validez basadas en su estructura interna, aunque se deben ejecutar más estudios de validez con el instrumento para atestiguar su calidad psicométrica. (AU)

Dissociative Experiences Scale: Psychometric Analysis in Puerto Rico and Contributions to the Discussion of the Factor Structure / Escala de Experiencias Disociativas: Análisis Psicométrico en Puerto Rico y Aportaciones a la Discusión sobre la Estructura Factorial

Introduction: The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II) is a widely used psychometric tool to assess dissociative symptoms. Over the years, it has been the subject of numerous studies and research in various fields of psychology and psychiatry. Numerous studies have supported the validity and reliability of the DES-II as a reliable measure of dissociative experiences. The most problematic aspect of the DES-II is the inconsistency in its factor structure. Objective: This research aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the DES-II in a clinical and non-clinical sample from Puerto Rico. Method: This research had an instrumental design. An availability sampling of 341 adult participants was used. Several competing models of the DES-II were analyzed, including a bifactor model. Result: Psychometric analyses concluded that the scale has a unidimensional structure, strong reliability, and construct validity. All 28 items met adequate discrimination values. Participants with dissociative disorders obtained higher means on the DES-II than the other diagnostic groups. Furthermore, the more adverse experiences in childhood, the more dissociative experiences in adulthood. Conclusion: The DES-II should be treated and interpreted as a unidimensional dissociation index rather than a multidimensional instrument. This study will advance further research on dissociation and dissociative disorders in Puerto Rico and Latin America.

Introducción: La Escala de Experiencias Disociativas (DES-II) es una herramienta psicométrica ampliamente utilizada para evaluar síntomas disociativos. A lo largo de los años, ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios e investigaciones en diversos campos de la psicología y la psiquiatría. Numerosos estudios han respaldado la validez y la fiabilidad de la DES-II como una medida confiable de las experiencias disociativas. El aspecto más problemático del DES-II es la inconsistencia de su estructura factorial. Objetivo: Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la DES-II en una muestra clínica y no clínica de Puerto Rico. Método: Esta investigación tuvo un diseño instrumental. Se utilizó un muestreo por disponibilidad compuesto por 341 participantes adultos. Se analizaron varios modelos competitivos de la DES-II, incluyendo un modelo bifactorial. Resultados: Los análisis psicométricos concluyeron que la escala posee una estructura unidimensional y una sólida confiabilidad y validez de constructo. Los 28 ítems cumplieron con valores adecuados de discriminación. Los participantes con trastornos disociativos obtuvieron medias más altas en la DES-II que los otros grupos diagnósticos. Además, a mayores experiencias adversas en la infancia, mayores experiencias disociativas en la adultez. Conclusión: La DES-II debería tratarse e interpretarse como un índice unidimensional de disociación y no como un instrumento multidimensional. Este estudio permitirá el avance de nuevas investigaciones sobre disociación y trastornos disociativos en Puerto Rico y América Latina.

Psychometric properties of the BALCI Turkish version

The present study aimed to adapt and validate the Beliefs About Losing Control Inventory (BALCI) in the non-clinical Turkish emerging adults sample. The study group consisted of 549 participants from three study phases and aged between 18 and 28 years and mainly women. According to the results of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the BALCI Turkish Version (BALCI-TV) confirmed 21 items in three factors. The network analysis findings showed that the items including the factors were together. The results indicated that configural, metric, scalar, and strict invariance across the gender. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω of the total BALCI-TV were .90. Test-retest correlation result was .89. All results indicated that the BALCI-TV had good psychometric properties. The BALCI-TV can be provided to measure control and beliefs related to control within obsessive-compulsive disorder for Turkish academics and mental health practitioners.

The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised - Abbreviated (EPQR-A): psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version

Abstract Introduction The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised - Abbreviated (EPQR-A) consists of 24 items for assessment of the three fundamental personality traits (psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism) and a validity scale (lie scale). Our objectives were to assess the psychometric properties of a version of this instrument culturally adapted for Brazil. Method 321 participants were recruited using a non-probabilistic method. Results Internal consistencies ranged from minimally acceptable to respectable, except for the psychoticism domain. Higher neuroticism scores were associated with higher depression and anxiety scores, higher extraversion scores were associated with lower levels of depression symptoms, and higher psychoticism scores were associated with higher levels of depression symptoms. Conclusion Our findings describe sustainable psychometric properties for the Brazilian Portuguese version of EPQR-A.

Codependencia laboral: análisis factorial confirmatorio

El objetivo de esta investigación es validar un instrumento para medir la codependencia laboral. El método implementado fue un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental transeccional, utilizando un análisis factorial confirmatorio basado en ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo presentó un ajuste adecuado NC =1.86; ρ=0.000; NFI=.979; IFI=.990; CFI=.990; MFI=.925 Y RMSEA=.68. Se concluye que los factores relacionados con la falta de confianza y los comportamientos abusivos son los elementos que describen la codependencia en el ámbito laboral.

The objective of this research is to validate an instrument to measure labor co-dependency, using a quantitative approach of non-experimental trans-sectional design, via a Confirmatory Factor Analysis based on structural equations. Results showed that the model presented an adequate adjustment NC = 1.86; p = 0.000; NFI = .979; IFI = .990; CFI = .990; MFI = .925, and RMSEA = .68. It is concluded that the factors related to lack of trust and abusive behaviors are the elements that describe co-dependency in the workplace.

Mexican Validation of the MOS Questionnaire on Perceived Social Support in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a very negative impact on people's overall mental health and psychosocial well-being, but the study of available social support to cope with such an adverse situation has received hardly any attention. Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of the MOS Perceived Social Support Questionnaire among the Mexican population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Non-experimental cross-sectional study. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Medical Outcomes Study were applied in a non-probabilistic sample. A total of 898 people from different regions in Mexico, 258 males and 640 females, participated in the study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The analysis yielded a bi-factor model with two factors, Emotional/informational support and Tangible support, with satisfactory goodness of fit indices. Reliability was adequate with a high hierarchical omega coefficient, as well as in the factors. Likewise, the H coefficient was adequate in the general factor and its dimensions. Conclusions: Results showed that the scale is a valid and reliable measure of perceived social support among the Mexican population.

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto muy negativo en la salud mental y el bienestar psicosocial general de las personas, pero el estudio del apoyo social disponible para hacer frente a una situación tan adversa como esta ha recibido muy poca atención. Objetivo: Examinar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario MOS de Apoyo Social Percibido en población mexicana en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19. Método: Diseño no experimental transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Medical Outcomes Study en una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia. Participaron 898 personas de diferentes regiones de México, 258 hombres y 640 mujeres, durante el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Resultados: El análisis arrojó un modelo Bi-factor de dos factores Apoyo emocional/ informacional y Apoyo tangible, con índices de bondad que se ajustaron a los datos. La fiabilidad fue adecuada con un coeficiente de omega jerárquico alto, así como en los factores. Asimismo, el coeficiente H fue adecuado en el factor general y sus dimensiones. Conclusiones: La escala presenta validez y confiabilidad para medir el apoyo social percibido en población mexicana.

Propiedades psicométricas del ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI) en una muestra chilena / Psychometric properties of the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI) in a Chilean sample

Introducción El apoyo social percibido es una variable relevante en los procesos de salud-enfermedad. Es importante que los instrumentos dirigidos a medir este constructo presenten evidencia de fiabilidad y validez. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las propiedades psicométricas del ESSI en población chilena, y su invarianza de medida entre hombres y mujeres, y entre universitarios y adultos. Método Dos muestras no probabilísticas, una de universitarios (n = 538) y una de adultos (n = 446) fueron enroladas en un estudio transversal. Los datos fueron analizados con análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo y análisis de consistencia interna con Omega de McDonald (ω). Resultados La estructura unidimensional de la ESSI fue confirmada en la muestra completa. Asimismo, se demostró invarianza escalar entre hombres y mujeres, e invarianza escalar parcial entre universitarios y adultos. La fiabilidad de los puntajes de la ESSI fue adecuada (ω > .80). Conclusión Los puntajes de la ESSI presentan evidencia de validez factorial y fiabilidad en población chilena. La escala puede ser utilizada para medir apoyo social percibido, aunque es recomendable su uso diferenciado entre universitarios y adultos.

Introduction Perceived social support is a relevant variable in health-disease processes. Measurement of this construct must be reliable and valid; thus, we aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the ESSI in the Chilean population and whether this measure is invariant between men and women and between university students and adults. Method Two non-probabilistic samples (students; n = 538, and adults; n = 446) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Data were analyzed with a Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis and reliability with McDonald's Omega coefficient (ω). Results A unidimensional structure of the ESSI was confirmed in the entire sample. Likewise, we proved scalar invariance between men and women and partial scalar invariance between university students and adults. The reliability of the ESSI scores was adequate (ω > .80). Conclusion The ESSI scores present evidence of factorial validity and reliability in the Chilean population. The scale can be used to measure perceived social support, although its differentiated use between university students and adults is recommended.

Adaptation and evidence of validity of the Corporate Ethical Virtues Scale in Brazil: A measure of ethical culture in organisations / Adaptación y evidencias de validez de la Escala de Virtudes Éticas Corporativas en Brasil: una medida de la cultura ética en las organizaciones

Abstract Introduction: Ethical culture stands out as an important variable in comprehending ethical norms and ethical behaviour at work. The Corporate Ethical Virtues (CEV) Scale is a widely used measure of ethical culture in organisations. This study aimed to adapt and validate the CEV Scale to a Brazilian context. Method: In Study 1 (n = 1.219), the CEV Scale was translated and adapted, the reliability and the internal structure were tested and the discriminant validity of ethical climate measures was demonstrated. In Study 2 (n = 635), measurement invariance in two groups was demonstrated, and there was evidence of validity based on the relationships with related constructs. Results: The results indicated that the Brazilian version of the CEV Scale showed reasonable psychometric properties and provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: This measure can be used by managers and consultants to diagnose ethical organisational culture.

Resumen Introducción: La cultura ética se destaca como una variable importante para comprender las normas y el comportamiento éticos en el trabajo. La escala de virtudes éticas corporativas (CEV) es una medida de cultura ética organizacional ampliamente utilizada. El objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar la escala CEV de cultura ética al entorno brasileño. Método: En el estudio 1 (n = 1.219), la Escala CEV fue traducida y adaptada, se probaron la confiabilidad y la estructura interna y se demostró la validez discriminante de las medidas de clima ético. En el estudio 2 (n = 635), se demostró la invariancia de medición en dos grupos y hubo evidencia de validez basada en las relaciones con constructos relacionados. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que la versión brasileña de la escala CEV mostró propiedades psicométricas razonables y proporcionó evidencia de validez convergente y discriminante. Conclusión: Esta medida puede ser utilizada por gerentes y consultores para diagnosticar la cultura organizacional ética.

Validación del CESQT en trabajadores colombianos: Un estudio psicométrico en tiempos de COVID-19 / Validation of the SBI in Colombian workers: A psychometric study in times of COVID-19

Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la validez factorial del modelo psicométrico del Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (CESQT) en una muestra multiocupacional de trabajadores colombianos. Se hipotetizó un modelo de cuatro factores con base en la estructura factorial del modelo original. Los participantes fueron 153 trabajadores que desempeñan diversos roles en empresas ubicadas en Colombia. Se aplicó el CESQT que se compone de cuatro dimensiones: Ilusión por el trabajo (5 ítems), Desgaste psíquico (4 ítems), Indolencia (6 ítems) y Culpa (5 ítems). Las propiedades psicométricas fueron examinadas mediante Análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) y fiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach). Los ítems presentaron valores estadísticos y psicométricos adecuados, así como las escalas. El modelo presentó un ajuste aceptable a los datos: GFI = .858, RMSEA = .066 (.051.079), NNFI = .913, CFI = .927. La consistencia interna fue alta para todas las escalas del instrumento (a = .79 hasta a = .87). Los resultados indican que el CESQT es un instrumento con suficiente validez psicométrica para evaluar el síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (SQT) en el contexto cultural colombiano.

Abstract The purpose of this paper was to assess the factor structure of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) in a multi-occupational sample of Colombian workers. On the basis of previous results and the factor structure of the instrument, a four-factor model was hypothesized. The sample consisted of 153 Colombian workers from different occupational sectors. The SBI was applied. This instrument is composed of 20 items distributed in four dimensions: Enthusiasm toward the job (5 items), Psychological exhaustion (4 items), Indolence (6 items), and Guilt (5 items). The psychometric properties were examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by Cronbach's alpha. The items presented adequate statistical and psychometric values, as well as the scales. The model presented an acceptable fit to the data: GFI = .858, RMSEA = .066(051-079), NNFI = .913, CFI = .927. Reliability was adequate for all scales (a = .79 to a = .87). The results indicate that the SBI is an instrument with psychometric validity to assess the burnout in the Colombian cultural context.

Atribuciones sobre las causas de la pobreza general e infantil en Argentina / Attributions on the causes of general and child poverty in Argentina

Resumen El estudio acerca de las causas de la pobreza ha sido influenciado por la teoría de la atribución, lo que permitió identificar los juicios predominantes que las personas establecen sobre tales causas. Los estudios locales sobre las atribuciones causales de la pobreza son escasos y no se ha identificado ninguno referido a las causas de la pobreza infantil, a pesar de las altas tasas de su incidencia en el país. Así, el presente estudio propone evaluar las atribuciones causales de la pobreza general e infantil por parte de adultos de Argentina, empleando dos cuestionarios (uno sobre las causas de la pobreza en general y el otro sobre la pobreza infantil en particular) implementados de manera virtual. La muestra incluyó a 1 659 participantes (17 a 90 años), quienes debieron indicar la importancia de cada ítem como causa de la pobreza en una escala tipo Likert de cinco puntos. En cuanto al cuestionario sobre las causas de la pobreza general, el análisis exploratorio permitió identificar una estructura de tres factores -similar a la identificada en otros estudios: individualista, estructurales y fatalistas-, la cual no fue verificada en el análisis confirmatorio. Con respecto al cuestionario sobre las causas de la pobreza infantil, se identificó y se confirmó un modelo de dos factores (que podrían estar relacionados con atribuciones estructurales y familiares) que representa una nueva evidencia en el campo. Los resultados sugieren diferencias en las atribuciones de las causas de pobreza general e infantil, cuyos posibles mecanismos (e. g., modulación por parte de factores individuales, contextuales y culturales) deberían explorarse en estudios futuros.

Abstract In the last decades, different studies have addressed the perspectives of people regarding the causes of poverty, as they could play a fundamental role in the development of individual and social attitudes, beliefs and expectations towards people living in such a condition, and in the strategies implemented to solve related problems and issues. In addition, many of those studies have investigated the causes of poverty using the theoretical model proposed by Feagin (1972), which suggests three broad explanations: (1) individualistic (i. e., causal attribution is placed on the poor themselves); (2) structural (i. e., poverty is due to external social and economic factors); and (3) fatalistic (i. e., poverty is attributed to factors such as bad luck). Most of those studies have been carried out considering the causes of poverty in general, which means that there is very little research aimed at studying specifically the causes of child poverty. Given the high incidence of poverty in Argentina the knowledge about such perspectives is of interest for multiple basic and applied purposes. In this sense, the present study proposed to evaluate the attributions of the causes of poverty in general and child poverty in particular, by adults from Argentina, through two virtual questionnaires (one asking for the causes of poverty in general, and the other for the causes of child poverty). The sample included responses from 1 659 citizens of Argentina from 17 to 90 years old (M = 45.72, SD = 16.94). The questionnaires included 32 items aimed at evaluating the attribution of causes of general poverty, and 30 items related to child poverty. Participants were asked to indicate the importance of each item as a cause of poverty on a five-point Likert-type scale (1 = does not matter; 5 = extremely important). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were implemented (separately from the general and child questionnaires) and retained items with factor loadings at .40 or above. In addition, for the general questionnaire, a second approach was implemented to analyze if the factorial structure supported by different studies in the literature was confirmed in this sample. For such a purpose, confirmatory factor analyses were implemented. Regarding the questionnaire for the causes of general poverty, the exploratory analysis allowed identifying a three-factor structure (as in the case of other studies) (RMSEA = .071; CFI = .94; TLI = .93), which was not verified in the confirmatory analysis (RMSEA = .103; CFI = .88; TLI = .86). On the other hand, the results of the second approach suggest the confirmation of the two-factor model proposed in the literature (RMSEA = .083; CFI = .96; TLI = .95). This pattern of results suggests sensitivity to the inclusion of new items. In this sense, in future studies it would be important to invest efforts in determining new items from consultations with experts and other social actors. Regarding the questionnaire for the causes of poverty in children, two-factor model was identified and confirmed (RMSEA = .074; CFI = .94; TLI = .93), which is a new piece of evidence in the field, suggesting variability in the attribution of causes of poverty according to the considered age group, and whose potential mechanisms in comparison with the studies on adult poverty should be explored in future research (e. g., individual, contextual and cultural factors). Finally, this study confirms that having valid and reliable instruments to explore the causal attributions of general and child poverty would be important to advance in the understanding of poverty as a complex and multidimensional phenomenon.

Evidencias de validez del Inventario NEO-FFI en adultos mayores colombianos / Validity evidence of the Inventory NEO-FFI in Colombian older adults

Resumen El uso de instrumentos para evaluar la personalidad es una práctica común en psicología, de ahí que su validación y adaptación a diferentes grupos poblacionales sea fundamental. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la validez de constructo del NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) en un grupo de 617 personas adultas mayores en Bogotá, Colombia. Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios, así como un análisis bifactorial. Los resultados mostraron que el inventario no logra un ajuste adecuado en ninguno de los modelos de primer orden, ni en el modelo bifactorial, como tampoco en el análisis de los factores por separado. Solamente, presentó un ajuste adecuado en los modelos AFC modificados que evalúan cada factor como individual, a excepción del factor Amabilidad. Precisamente, los ítems que tuvieron bajas cargas factoriales son aquellos ítems negativos o reversos, y, dado que la comprensión de este tipo de ítems requiere de mejores habilidades lingüísticas, se infiere que el bajo nivel educativo de las personas que conformaron la muestra pudo interferir en el logro de un ajuste adecuado de los modelos; en consecuencia, se recomienda estudiar este aspecto en futuras investigaciones.

Abstract The use of instruments to assess personality is a common practice in psychology, therefore its validation and adaptation to different population groups is fundamental. The aim of the current research was to evaluate the construct validity of the NEO-FFI Inventory in a group of 617 elderly people in Bogotá, Colombia. First ordered confirmatory factor analyses and bi-factor models were performed. The results showed that the Inventory does not achieve an adequate adjustment in any of the first-order models, nor in the bi-factorial model, nor in the analysis of the factors separately. Only in the modified CFA models that evaluate each factor individually, with the exception of Agreeableness, an adequate fit was achieved. The items registering low factor loadings are especially those negative or reverse items, and since the understanding this type of items requires better linguistic skills, it is inferred that the low educational level of the sample could interfere in achieving an adequate adjustment of the models. Consequently, it is recommended to study this aspect in future research.

Prosocial Tendencies Measure Validation for Portuguese Late Adolescents

O Questionário de Tendências Prossociais (MTP) de Carlo e Randall (2002) é amplamente usado para avaliar tendências prossociais. Partindo do pressuposto de que existem diferenças no comportamento pró-social entre adolescentes e adultos, o presente estudo teve como objetivo validar a versão em português do MTP com uma amostra de adolescentes. Este instrumento avalia seis tipos diferentes de tendências prossociais: altruísta, anónima, emergência, emocional, complacente e pública. Desenhado para confirmar esta estrutura fatorial do MTP com adolescentes portugueses, este estudo recolheu as perceções de um total de 1313 adolescentes a frequentar o ensino secundário. A análise fatorial confirmatória corroborou a estrutura de seis fatores da validação original. Além disso, considerando o ano escolar e o género dos alunos, a análise de invariância foi executada e atestou a invariância configural, métrica (parcialmente para género) e escalar (parcialmente para ano escolar e género) do MTP. Estes resultados demonstram ainda que a versão portuguesa MTP é confiável, aumentando a utilidade deste instrumento para avaliar comportamentos prossociais na adolescência.

The Prosocial Tendencies Measure (PTM; Carlo & Randall, 2002) is widely used for assessing prosocial tendencies. Assuming that there are differences in prosocial behavior between adolescents and adults, the current study aimed to further validate the Portuguese version of the PTM for adolescents. This instrument assesses six different types of prosocial tendencies ­ altruism, anonymous, dire, emotional, compliant and public. Designed to confirm this structure with Portuguese adolescents, this study collected a total of 1313 high school students' prosocial behaviors perceptions. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the six-factor structure of the original validation. Furthermore, considering the students' school year and gender, invariance analysis was executed and attested the PTM's configural, metric (partially for gender) and scalar (partially for school year and gender) invariance. These findings further demonstrate that the Portuguese version of the PTM is reliable, enhancing the utility of this instrument to assess prosocial behaviors in adolescence.

Psychometric properties of the Perceptions of Organizational Politics -POPS- Scale in Puerto Rico / Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Percepción Política Organizacional -POPS- en Puerto Rico

Abstract Background: perceptions of organizational politics have many consequences on work behavior. Therefore, organizational politics has gained an interest in research examining the influential factors and behaviors in which organizations operate over the past few years. Objectives: this work aims to explore and present the psychometric properties of the Perceptions of Organizational Politics Scale adapted version. Method: a quantitative study of cross-sectional and instrumental type design in a sample of 205 participants representing public and private working sectors in Puerto Rico and the analysis carried out to verify the factorial structure of the scale and the reliability and validity indicators. Results: the Confirmatory Factor Analysis with Structural Equation Modeling showed better fit indices and a three-factor structure according to the original scale and obtained optimal internal consistency values for each factor. Conclusion: this study provides an instrument for both researchers and professionals to study the phenomenon of organizational politics in the workplace and organizations and allows them to contribute new studies and literature in Puerto Rico.

Resumen Antecedentes: las percepciones respecto a la política organizacional tienen muchas consecuencias en el comportamiento laboral. En consecuencia, la política organizacional ha ganado interés en la investigación que examina los factores y comportamientos influyentes en los que operan las organizaciones, durante los últimos años. Objetivos: este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión adaptada de la Escala de Percepciones de Política Organizacional -POPS- (siglas de Perceptions of Organizational Politics -POPS- Scale). Método: estudio cuantitativo de diseño de tipo transversal e instrumental en una muestra de 205 participantes de los sectores laborales público y privado en Puerto Rico. Se realizó un análisis para verificar la estructura factorial de la Escala y los indicadores de confiabilidad y validez. Resultados: el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio con Ecuaciones Estructurales mostró mejores índices de ajuste y una estructura de tres factores de acuerdo con la escala original y obtuvo valores óptimos de consistencia interna para cada factor. Conclusión: este estudio proporciona un instrumento para que investigadores y profesionales estudien el fenómeno de la política organizacional en el lugar de trabajo y las organizaciones y les permite aportar nuevos estudios científicos en Puerto Rico.

Factor structure of the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale in a large sample of adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Objectives: Although the Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS) is a widely used instrument for assessing different obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions, its factor structure has never been studied in a Brazilian population. Thus, we aimed to assess the goodness-of-fit indexes and factor loadings of two higher-order models of the DY-BOCS using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a large obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) sample. Methods: We tested two CFA models in a sample of 955 adults with OCD who had been assessed with the DY-BOCS in a cross-sectional multi-site study. The first model encompassed the symptom checklist (present or absent), whereas the second focused on items related to severity scores. Results: Both models presented adequate goodness-of-fit indexes. The comparative fit index, Tucker-Lewis index, and omega were > 0.9, while the root mean square error of approximation was ≤ 0.06 for both models. Factor loadings for each item of each dimension are presented and discussed. Conclusion: Higher-order factor models showed adequate goodness-of-fit indexes, indicating that they appropriately measured OCD dimensions in this Brazilian population.

Construction of assessment index system on the capacity of clinical medical postgraduate tutor and analysis of its reliability and validity / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To establish an assessment index system on the capacity of clinical medical postgraduate tutor.Methods:On the basis of "literature optimization method", the index system was initially constructed by 14 experts with "Delphi method". Then, through the survey of 109 people, the reliability and validity were tested by Cronbach's α coefficient and exploratory factor analysis. And analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the weight coefficient of each index. SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 were applied for statistical analysis. Results:The assessment index system consisted of 2 first-level indexes, 5 second-level indexes and 27 third-level indexes. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total index system, first-level indexes and second-level indexes ranged from 0.833 to 0.931. Five common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the connotation of factors were basically consistent with the theoretical structure. A confirmatory factor model was established with 5 second-level indexes as the first-order factors, what's more, the theoretical model fitted well with the actual data. The combined weight values of "teaching attitude of the tutor", "medical ethics of the tutor", "scientific research projects of the tutor", "dissertation quality of the graduate students", "the quality of the scientific research and training of the graduate students", "the quality of the clinical training of the graduate students", and "disposable scientific research funds of the tutor" ranked in the top 7 weights of third-level indexes. Conclusion:This assessment index system has good reliability and validity with reasonable connotation, which could be used as a reference for tutor evaluation.